ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: Carriers of oncohematological diseases are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Objective and method: To investigate the epidemiology of HBV infection in Goiânia, Central Brazil, 322 individuals with oncohematological diseases (leukemias, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) were interviewed and blood samples were collected for the detection of serological markers of HBV-DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Medical records of participants were also reviewed. Results: Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (n = 99) and chronic myeloid leukemia (n = 108) were the most frequent oncohematological diseases. The overall prevalence of HBV was 13.97% (45/322). Of the total participants, 8.69% (28/322) presented isolated positivity for anti-HBs, suggesting low vaccine coverage. HBV-DNA was detected in 25% (1/4) of HBsAg positive samples and in 25% (3/12) of anti-HBc isolated, suggesting HBV occult infection. All samples were identified as subgenotype A1. Entries in patient records and the findings of this investigation suggest anti-HBc seroconversion during oncologic treatment. Age 50 years or over and use of a central catheter during therapy were associated with HBV exposure. Conclusion: The low frequency of hepatitis B immunized individuals, detection of HBV DNA in HBsAg negative samples, and the suggestion of HBV exposure during treatment evidenced the potential for health-related viral dissemination in people with oncohematological diseases in our region, reinforcing the importance of serological monitoring, vaccination against hepatitis B, and adoption of strict infection control measures in these individuals.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin , Leukemia , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Lymphoma , Medical OncologyABSTRACT
Viral conjunctivitis is a common, highly contagious disease often caused by adenovirus. We investigate the frequency of adenoviral conjunctivitis in the population of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 2004 and May 2007 and identified the predominant serotype circulating among this population. Seventy-five ocular swabs were collected from 66 patients with clinical presentation of conjunctivitis. The specimens were analyzed for detection of adenovirus (AdV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were further analyzed for virus typing by sequence analysis and/or heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). Forty-five samples (60%) were positive for AdV of which 21 samples were typed as AdV19 (46.7%), 7 AdV8 (15.5%), 3 AdV31 (6.7%), and one each AdV1, AdV2, AdV3, AdV4 and AdV6. For nine samples the serotype was not determined. AdV19 was the predominant serotype circulating in Rio de Janeiro during the studied period.
A conjuntivite viral é doença ocular comum, altamente contagiosa, frequentemente causada por adenovírus. Neste estudo, investigamos a frequência de conjuntivite por adenovírus na população do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre março de 2004 e maio de 2007, e identificamos o sorotipo predominante circulando nesta população. Setenta e cinco swabs de secreção ocular foram coletados de 66 pacientes com conjuntivite. As amostras foram analisadas para detecção de adenovírus (AdV) por reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Os produtos da PCR foram caracterizados por sequenciamento e/ou ensaio de mobilidade do heteroduplex (Heteroduplex Mobility Assay - HMA) para identificação do sorotipo viral. Quarenta e cinco (60%) amostras foram positivas para AdV das quais 21 foram identificadas como pertencentes ao sorotipo AdV19 (46,7%), sete AdV8 (15,5%), três AdV31 (6,7%), e uma de cada: AdV1, AdV2, AdV3, AdV4 e AdV6. Para nove amostras o sorotipo não pode ser identificado. O AdV 19 foi o sorotipo predominante circulando no Rio de Janeiro durante o período estudado.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology , Adenoviruses, Human/genetics , Conjunctivitis, Viral/epidemiology , DNA, Viral/genetics , Adenoviruses, Human/classification , Brazil/epidemiology , Conjunctiva/virology , Conjunctivitis, Viral/virology , Molecular Epidemiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , SerotypingABSTRACT
A planta Pectis jangadensis, popularmente conhecida como "roxinha", "erva do carregador" ou "coentro da chapada" é utilizada em chás pela população matogrossense, como calmante. Não há estudo na literatura sobre qualquer atividade farmacológica dessa planta. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar atividade analgésica de seu extrato hidro-alcoólico nas doses de 100, 500 e 1000 mg/kg pelos métodos de Contorções induzidas pelo ácido acético e teste da formalina. Os nossos resultados demonstram que não houve diferença significativa entre o grupo controle e os grupos tratados com diferentes doses do extrato tanto em relação ao número de contorções induzidas pelo ácido acético quanto ao tempo de lambedura da pata, na fase 1 e 2, induzida pela formalina. Portanto, pelo menos, por via oral, parece que o extrato hidro-alcoólico da Pectis jangadensis não apresenta atividade analgésica.
"Preliminary evaluation of Pectis jangadensis (S. Moore) analgesic activity's". The plant Pectis jangadensis, popularly known as "roxinha", "erva do carregador" or "coentro da chapada" is used in teas by the matogrossense's people, as a calmative. There isn't any study in the literature about its pharmacologic activity. Our object was to evaluate its extract hidroalcoolic analgesic activity in doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg by the methods of abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid and the Formalin test. The results show that there wasn't significant difference between the control groups and the groups treated with different doses of the extract in both testes. Therefore, at least by oral, seems that the Pectis jangadensis' hidroalcoolic extract doesn't have analgesic activity.